Recent studies on different materials showed a 99%, 99% and 98% removal of biofilms of Pneumonia, E. coli and Cholera respectively from PTFE, compared with 67%, 25% and 56% from stainless steel or 89%, 0% and 0% for borosilicate glass.(4). If the flow of fluid ceases, the poppet reseats preventing backwards flow. The simplest form of dip tube can be a PTFE sleeve, flared at one end, to protect the neck of the vessel during liquid additions. The material was put on the official secrets list and was used in the Manhattan Project (the atom bomb) for uranium enrichment using uranium hexafluoride gas. Check flange gap around circumference for uniformity. or employee of the Licensee, at the Single or Multiple Site. Shipping & Handling charges follow the rate schedule, below: Shipping and Handling charges are approximate. Access to the Product is for the Subscription Period only. Its advantage is that it is a less expensive process, but the PTFE has a coarse surface finish and the random molecular orientation of the PTFE molecules reduces its permeation performance compared to paste extruded PTFE pipe liners and PFA lined fittings. Agreement. access and use of the ASTM Product. Liquid extraction Reactor Storage tank. may not otherwise be sold or resold, rented, leased, lent or sub-licensed. Availability will be subject to periodic They will never deal with rotational forces. file may not be distributed elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. Standard Service is untraceable. +359877870879 Scope. Although thermally stable from a chemical resistance perspective, it has a high and variable expansion rate of approximately ten times that of steel. All PTFE and PFA lined equipment should have a venting system, most usually 0.19 diameter holes in the steel pipe. A lined piping system is very efficient and, in most circumstances, there are almost no frictional losses. Traditionally, bespoke spacers have been used to work round this problem, although in recent years some manufacturers have started to offer long pattern butterfly valves which eliminate this issue. Properties of Polytetrafluorofthylene (PTFE) Paste Extrudates. For instance, instrument tees are excellent for providing branches in confined spaces, a 6 bore component will take up 2 of line space, whereas the equivalent reducing tee will use up 16 of line space. is set by the fluoropolymer, and as mentioned previously not by the lab specification, but the strength of the materials at temperature and 392 F is the usual maximum and even this is quite challenging for the materials. There are DIN equivalents to most of these specifications, but their use tends to be restricted to mainland Europe. Always consider upset conditions, for example something nasty getting into the effluent stream and consider potential plant use in the future. Termination:This Agreement is effective until PDF PTFE Lined Pipe and Fittings - Piping Designers . com Price These materials are recognized for their high temperature resistance and their chemical resistance to solvents, acids and bases. explicitly noted in the text of the individual Documents. Reprints and copyright permissions can be requested through the. Teflon FEP, PFA and Tefzel Product Family. Ownership:This Product is copyrighted, both as a PTFE-lined caps 11. Customs duty and taxes are the responsibility of the consignee. Molten PFA is then pushed relatively gently into the component, filling the void. s provide a good solution for viscous media or slurries, whilst eccentric reducers are important for pump suction, preventing air traps and dead spots in lines. Inevitably other elements such as pumps, valves, vessels and columns have characteristics which affect performance but are outside the scope of this paper. Similarly tape winding is no longer widely practiced. Find out, Standard Practice for Installation of Vulcanized Rubber Linings, D7602 Standard Practice for Installation of Vulcanized Rubber Linings>. This is conventionally achieved through copper earth bonding straps fitted to threaded studs or lugs welded to pipe and flanges. Documents, available to anyone other than another Authorized User, whether by Internet link, It does depend on a lot of factors like nozzle size though.) Wherever possible visit the manufacturing plant or their distributors operation to understand the level of process control, testing and general product traceability. In very rough terms, a 1.75mm filament extruder with a 4x2mm PTFE liner can only extrude about half as fast as an otherwise-identical all-metal hot end. or any unauthorized access to or use of the ASTM Product. What are the advantages and disadvantages of an all-metal hot end Whilst it is important to remember that the pipe liner is an excellent insulator in its own right, lined piping can be insulated by all conventional means. The key fluoropolymer raw materials specifications are ASTM D3307 for PFA, D4894 for granular (isostatic) PTFEs and ASTM D4895 for paste PTFEs. Transit Please be aware that carriers will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes. PTFE has to be cold pressed into shape and sintered. One morning, he returned to the laboratory to check the pressure on a cylinder of TFE gas prepared for an experiment and discovered that there was none. If this is not attainable then static-dissipating equipment should be considered. However, when it comes to the fluoropolymer element, the specification is often found wanting, with often at best some passing reference to PTFE or Teflon made. warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement is no longer widely practiced. They come in several forms all of which fulfil the same basic purpose, namely to allow forward fluid flow, but minimize backwards flow. Some service conditions that have a solution composed of several chemicals may require different layers of rubber compounds. As a very slow process there is a temptation to put more material in and this gives differential compression and areas of poor compaction. Special pipe supports such as trunnions, brackets, sliders and feet should be factory fitted before lining it is not acceptable to weld onto lined equipment. are disclaimed, except to the extent that these disclaimers are held to be legally invalid. Spacers are a wafer component used where a pipe spool will not fit or to create a fall and are either solid PTFE up to 1 or a lined piece of steel. With a Redline you no longer have to spend time trying to determine what has changed in the new standard! Options Antistatic (electrically conductive) liner Stainless steel and low temperature steel Venting nozzles Grounding bolts and connections Custom shapes The commonly known brand name of PTFE-based composition is Teflon by Chemours, [3] a spin-off from DuPont, which originally discovered the compound in 1938. this License or make prohibited uses of material in any ASTM Product, ASTM reserves the Paste extrusion is used for the production of hoses, pipe liners and short curved or reducing pieces for pipe fittings. B. Licensee shall use all reasonable efforts to protect Often only the most standard items are configured on CAD piping design systems so the less popular can be neglected. portions of standards, articles, files, or material obtained from any ASTM Product or If Licensee fails to pay ASTM any license or In all cases it is important to note that check valves only check backwards flow, and so they cannot be relied upon to provide a complete back flow shutoff, although depending upon the exact conditions, in many cases they may well achieve this. A good bellows will be designed to accept four times the rated pressure. Other alternatives such as sacrificial metal spades or static-dissipating spades are often specified at joints, but there is some doubt as to whether these actually work because of their small surface area, and indeed they may be of harm, providing a conductor to accept a spark. Domestic orders are delivered via United Parcel Service (UPS) or United States Postal Service (USPS). The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. The product can therefore be quite permeable and is not recommended. If Please be aware that UPS will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes. The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. (f) Licensee will provide ASTM with a list of authorized 1 I ntroduction The 2800 Series Magnetic Flowtubes have been designed to operate in harsh in-plant or out- door environments and are suitable for installation in most hazardous area locations. Changes of direction are most cost-effectively accommodated by having rotating flanges on the pipe spools and fixed flanges on fittings. This can produce layering or laminations depending on the fill per machine stroke. for maintaining the confidentiality of its password(s) and for ensuring the authorized international destinations. That is, Licensee may access and download an electronic file of a Document (or portion It is warmed to allow the lubricant to fully wet the material, pressed into a billet, and extruded through an orifice to provide a circular section. or distribute any Document in any manner or for any purpose except as described in Section Ariawan, Alfonsius, Ebnesajjad, Sina and Hatzikiriakos, Savvas. (iii) Specifically, no one is authorized to transmit, copy, For example: temperatures over 140F (60C) typically require a thickness of 1/4in. An integral part of the installation of such linings is the vulcanization operation that produces proper mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and sufficient rubber-to-metal adhesion. other than taxes on ASTM's net income, arising out of Licensee's use of the ASTM Product In some cases, the valves can also be used in horizontal lines, provided they are designed with an angled seat. Having considered the processes and materials, it is important to consider how to safeguard the choice of equipment and this should be done through. Contact SKF for detailed information regarding . Molten PFA is then pushed relatively gently into the component, filling the void. 1.1This practice covers the techniques used to install rubber lining sheet stock in metal tanks, pipes, and other components. 5. agreement, to review Licensee's use of ASTM Product and/or Documents. Linings can be made from a continuous length of PTFE (the best type of lining since there are no potential weak spots at welded joints, but which have limitations in terms of total length available), a welded PTFE lining, or a welded FEP lining (best used where for strength reasons a large diameter pipe is required, but where for flow reasons, only a small bore is required). It involves taking a fine powder PTFE; called this because of the small grain size and the narrow standard distribution of this grain size. The only material matching the chemical, temperature and electrical properties of PTFE is PFA (perfluoroalkoxy) but its cost is roughly two to three times that of PTFE and it is difficult to process well. Because of a lack of intermolecular forces the material is soft and easily abraded. When specifying lined equipment for the first time, it should be treated in the same way as buying any other piece of unfamiliar equipment. (On the order of 3-4 mm^3/sec PLA through the PTFE-lined hot end vs 7-10 mm^3/sec PLA through an all-metal hot end. Verification 1.4This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. The crucial design aspect of lined piping is that the straight spools provide the variable element as it is relatively easy to manufacture these at different lengths, whilst the fittings are manufactured to standard dimensions, which all remain the same within a bore size. PTFE is primarily known as Teflon and is also known for its familiarity as a non-stick coating for cookware, but as this market overview shows, PTFE has indeed become a mainstay in many areas of the modern world. This is the torsional force required to initiate rotation between the ball and race. Another velocity consideration is the weak material can become eroded or pushed aside at velocities greater than 16.5 yards per second. Piping Installation or Erection refers to the laying of the piping system and its related accessories to make it ready for fluid transfer. change from time to time, are paid. You Temperatures: 10 up to + 230 C; lower service temperatures can be accommodated with the use of special steel materials. Key metals specifications depend on the manufacturer, but will include dimensional and materials specifications that plant engineers are quite familiar with. 2.2.2 Specific gravity The lining made from PTFE resin meeting specification ASTM D792 shall have a specific gravity from 2.14 to 2.2 2.3 HOUSING Support close to flanges, ensuring that access for bolting and venting systems are not interfered with. The processes of refining TFE require large amounts of energy and are complex and dangerous. the copyright notice is not permitted. Swing check valves have a disc that rotates or swings out of the fluid flow in the forwards flow direction, but that swings back against its seat to prevent backwards flow. Transfer moulding is an isothermal process in which tooling and steel components (which effectively form the outside of the tooling) are heated in an oven to 698 F for several hours. It is possible to field fabricated pipe spools, but this is generally a slower, less controlled process than factory manufacture. For duties where glass is not acceptable in the process, a range of tubular sight glasses and level gauges can be provided which comprise of a PFA tube surrounded by a protective metallic outer housing. will take place upon no less than 15 days notice, during normal business hours and in obtained from any ASTM Product or Document; (e) impose any charge for a copy (electronic or Please allow 4-7 weeks for delivery. although ASTM will make reasonable efforts to use commonly available formats. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Compressed air from the centre of the nozzle . This is a primary element of lined piping systems, its absence can be dangerous, but it is little understood. (9). The term of this Agreement is _____________ ("Subscription Period"). (i) This License describes all permitted uses. Authorized Users:any individual who has subscribed company located in more than one city, state or country, with central administration for all locations. None of the better finishes are cheap and there is a difficult choice between factory primer and site finishing and complete factory painting. System falls can be generated by using rotating flanges, bolt holes and the general flexibility of the system. For longer lengths, and particularly where the dip pipe will be immersed in the liquor, and the liquor is being agitated, it is necessary to have a lined steel dip pipe to achieve sufficient mechanical strength. The partially fluorinated group includes the well-known PVDF (Kynar and Solef), ETCFE (Halar) and ETFE (Tefzel). Personal accounts/passwords may not be shared. and configuring the appropriate Adobe Acrobat Reader software. We produce fluoropolymer linings for vessels, pipework and other equipment using PTFE, PVDF, ECTFE, FEP, PFA, MFA, PVC, CPVC, PPH, and PE. On removing the valve and shaking the cylinder he found a few grams of a waxy white substance. Why Glass-Lined Pipe is a Viable Choice for your Process ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2959 USA, Up to $50.00, $50.01 to $100.00, $100.01 to $150.00, $150.01 to $250.00, $250.01 to $500.00, $500.01 to $750.00, $750.01 to $1000.00, $1000.01 to $1500.00, $1500.01 to $2500.00, $2500.01 to $4999.00, $5000.00 to $higher. Typically, such a ball or plug will have a V shaped port in it, allowing for a much more linear response between valve opening and flow to be achieved. It is easier to describe those substances that can attack PTFE than those that cannot. Any discussion of performance needs to consider three elements of the lined piping system. In most cases this closing of the poppet is aided by a spring, which also allows the cracking pressure of the valve to be chosen to suit the particular process, and also allows the valve to operate in any orientation. (ii) Single-Site and Multi-Site Licenses: (b) the right to download, store or print single copies in any form; nor may Licensee impose special charges on Authorized Users for use of the As a very slow process there is a temptation to put more material in and this gives differential compression and areas of poor compaction. PTFE lining vessels and tanks can be used in a variety of processes, such as: Washing Distillation or rectification Absorption column for Hcl/Hbr, etc. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. They can be fabricated into self-supporting structures; are generally cheaper than the fully fluorinated materials and for the large part much more easily processed by conventional thermo plastic techniques. for example, different campuses of the same university within the same city administered centrally. Also, the electrical resistance properties of PTFE can be both a benefit and a hinderance. Due to the residual charges that build up during this procedure, spark testing should be the last test conducted before exiting a vessel. cleanup procedure) and PTFE supporting pad in 37-mm cassette filter holder. is usually set by the metal housing and -20 F is the typical lower working limit, however with the correct supporting materials and design PTFE is perfectly capable of working at cryogenic temperatures. The only solution that does not work is offset flanges, which cannot be lined. (4). otherwise) of any standard,article, file, or material obtained from any ASTM Product or The simplest solution to electrostatic charging is to design this out of the plant by dropping material velocities below one yard per second. Above this size it is usual, particularly with PTFE paste and isostatic components, to produce products for non-vacuum and vacuum duties. For over 20 years PTFE has been used as an implantable material for various conditions including vocal cord defects, arterial grafts, orthopaedic . [3] A good system should be capable of withstanding full vacuum (typically 0.00145 to 0.725 PSI absolute) at the maximum operating temperature (392 F) for line sizes up to and including 6NB. Ball check valves operate in the same way as poppet check valves, except that the poppet is replaced by a ball, and they usually do not have a spring to help with valve closing, limiting their use to vertical lines with upwards forward flow. (6.35 mm). Liner thickness requires consideration either for vacuum performance or for highly permeant services. The partially fluorinated materials which are sometimes referred to as the engineering fluoropolymers have molecular structures where a significant number of the Fluorine atoms found in PTFE are replaced by Chlorine and/or Hydrogen atoms. is now little practised for pipe liners; it is only seen in emerging economies. 10. When you select the "Standard + Redline" option you get both documents! 1. So far, despite some valiant attempts they have failed in at least one or more of the key areas of temperature range, chemical resistance, ease of processing and reduced cost. In the last ten years two global scale processing plants have been destroyed by explosion. They are designed for axial, lateral and angular movements and this will be defined by the manufacturer. times average 3 to 5 business days. The partial materials have good properties but in all but the rarest of circumstances cannot match the performance capability of PTFE/PFA lined pipework systems. Extruder head for the manufacture of a paste-extruded pipe made of PTFE flange area or of pipe nozzles it is neces-sary to flare the lining material, whereby it is subjected to occasionally strong stretching processes leading to enlarge-ment of the voids. PTFE Liner Supplied on spool Our PTFE Liner features ultra thin wall (0.0003") with tight tolerance, maximize your ID or minimize your OD with our qualified catheter liner. PTFE seals | SKF Vulcanized rubber that is securely adhered to the tank or other metal surface imparts such resistance. However, there is still the pressure drop due to pushing a liquid through an orifice over a long distance and it is important to remember that lined piping is sized in nominal bores and a one inch lined pipe only has a 0.75 bore. shaft diameter and approximately 16 to 230 mm (0.630 to 9 in.) (iv) Licensee may not utilize the Product, or access to ASTM of any use of which it learns or is notified. PTFE does not absorb any materials as it is non-wetting. printing one copy of a Document for individual use. thereafter for successive Subscription Periods so long as annual subscription fees, as such may Product beyond reasonable printing or administrative costs. There are no known solvents that will dissolve PTFE. (7). PFA and PTFE Double Lining System. The Two Ways to Process Teflon for Seals Similarly, dip pipes can be supplied with steam sparge pipes when required. The third common type of quarter turn on/off valve is the lined butterfly valve. Armylor PTFE loose lined columns or vessels combine the corrosion resistance of PTFE and the safety of the seamless lining process together with the mechanical resistance of the steel or stainless steelshell. The smoothness of the surface combined with its hydrophobicity and inertness makes it an ideal product for multi-purpose plant where cross-contamination could be an issue. This is because the performance comes from using more PTFE, an expensive raw material, so if it is unnecessary then additional cost can be avoided. If the flow of fluid ceases, the poppet reseats preventing backwards flow. All of these important, useful properties (that is not more than 15% loss of chemical resistance) are retained at up to 390 F giving PTFE the highest retention of its chemical properties of any known plastic-like material. Unfortunately, PTFE comes with a number of unhelpful properties when used for conveying corrosive material and it is necessary to understand these in order to manage them. the Product, for commercial purposes, including but not limited to the sale of Documents, The isostatic process has a cost advantage, but again the product has a lower permeation performance, a rough surface and is not a tight fit inside the steel part. In these cases, a PTFE envelope gasket should be used and not high load multi-directional gaskets which will cut the PTFE flare face off. (e) Licensee will undertake all necessary authentication The proper insulation of the column, fitted with PTFE venting tubes, as well as the thick PFA coating on the entire steel shell inner surface can substantially extend the column lifetime and reduce maintenance costs. This is chilled and a processing aid lubricant is added. traffic volume, upgrades, overload of requests to servers, general network failures Stud bolts are preferable to machine screws as excess thread can be evened across the joint. Fluoroplastics Volume 1 Non-Melt Processable Fluoroplastics. The carbon-carbon bond is in its own right quite strong, but the fluorine-carbon bond is one of the most powerful known. With the appropriate equipment you should be able to fit and forget. Repaired areas should be avoided during this procedure as the voltage from the spark tester can damage the PTFE (instead, repair areas are inspected thoroughly during the visual examination). (6). This means that any vacuum performance can only be obtained through wall thickness, which on smaller parts is difficult to obtain as the gap into which the loose material can be filled is limited and requires a compression ratio of 3:1. contemporaneous oral or written communications, proposals, representations and warranties Syringe, gas-tight with large bore needle, e.g., 16-gauge needle 12. Where dip pipes are to be used in agitated vessels dip pipe manufacturers can carry out design calculations to ensure that their dip pipes are sufficiently strong to survive the mechanical loads such agitation will cause. What is Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Fabric: Properties - Sewport Get the Most Out of Plastic Lined Pipe. Some of these can be bonded directly onto metal substrates by melt fusion techniques. the Product from any use that is not permitted under this Agreement, and shall notify C. Copyright Notice. Consult with the rubber lining manufacturer when selecting the rubber lining system and preparing application specifications and procedures. Fluoropolymer Linings the Exceptions Prove the Role. Many are offered as laminates for bonding to steel with adhesives or for the construction of other structures by reinforcing with composites of Glass Fibre and Resin. In the rare instance that PTFE is not suitable for the process, PVDF or PFA can be substituted. They will not take the maximum range of all three movements and really only perform well with one of the movements. On removing the valve and shaking the cylinder he found a few grams of a waxy white substance, the first polymer of tetrafluoroethylene. Due to the nature of FEP this style of dip pipe has a lower operating temperature than PTFE lined designs. It involves taking a fine powder PTFE; called this because of the small grain size and the narrow standard distribution of this grain size. , the liner thickness helps, but also moulded keyways in the steel housing assist. (1) After the Second World War it became commercialised with ICI commencing production in Europe under licence in 1947. For creating more complex shapes there are two key choices: The isostatic process is similar to that used in pipe liners, except that the steel outer shell may be used as part of the tooling and the powder pressed into the inside rather than onto separate tooling. standard, article, file, or material from any ASTM Product; (c) alter, modify, adapt, In the lining of electromagnetic flow-meters it is of huge benefit, but in transferring poorly conducting solvents there is the potential to develop electrostatic charging that must be dealt with. They should be generally avoided because of the creep potential of unsupported PTFE. operate in the same way as poppet check valves, except that the poppet is replaced by a ball, and they usually do not have a spring to help with valve closing, limiting their use to vertical lines with upwards forward flow. The two main choices are fluoropolymer-lined pipe (the term used to refer to plastic materials like PTFE) and glass-lined pipe.